Despite having limited natural resources and almost no stakes in the mining of lithium, Europe has succeeded in controlling a significant share of the global production of nickel, cobalt, and
In this article, we consider trade of three key minerals needed for batteries—graphite, lithium, and cobalt—among China and key global regions. These minerals are mined or extracted
Electric vehicle (EV) battery manufacturing is increasingly shaped by global trade policy, supply chain concentration, and rising geopolitical risk. For much of the past decade, China has
Today, China produces over three-quarters of batteries sold globally, and in 2024 average prices dropped faster there than anywhere else in the world, falling by nearly 30%. Batteries in China
The fact that China produces the majority of lithium iron phosphate active materials, with a share of more than 98 percent, means that Europe is directly dependent on this more cost-effective
Europe wants to become self-reliant in electric vehicle (EV) battery manufacturing — but so far, its battery makers are falling behind Chinese rivals. While China rapidly scales gigafactory
China has tightened the screws on green technology exports. In July, it added several battery-making methods to its export restriction catalogue, requiring licenses for overseas transfers,
China''s lithium-ion battery exports surged 47% to 78 GWh through October 2025, driven by a 102% jump in stationary storage shipments and a 12% rise in EV battery exports. Europe
“China controls almost the entire value chain of lithium-ion batteries – from raw material extraction all the way to production,” says Kampker, Director of the Chair of Production Engineering
Global battery pack manufacturing is transforming as industry approaches 56.3M units by 2030, with China leading, Europe adapting regulation, and North America pivoting to energy storage.
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